Structures such as oil platforms can help protect sea creatures threatened by climate change and habitat loss according to research by scientists at University of Edinburgh.
They go on to suggest that rigs, shipwrecks and other structures in the North Sea could even play a vital role in holding coral populations together and increasing their resilience.
Their findings indicate that artificial structures used in the oil and gas industry support a network of densely connected coral ecosystems that spans hundreds of miles and crosses international borders.
The spread of man-made structures in the world’s oceans could negatively impact marine life in many ways – such as helping invasive species spread – however the study suggests they also have potential to aid conservation efforts.
A team led by scientists at the University of Edinburgh used a computer model to reveal how a protected species of coral might use industrial structures to spread.
Coral larvae released near oil platforms would travel between corals that have colonised other structures and reach natural populations located at great distances, they found.
This would enable larvae – belonging to the species Lophelia pertusa – to supplement existing populations and recolonise damaged reefs and protected areas in other countries, improving their chances of survival.
Understanding how the North Sea has responded to man-made structures that have been in place since the 1970s is key to informing decisions about decommissioning, researchers say.
The study, published in the journal Scientific Reports, involved researchers from the National Oceanography Centre, the Norwegian Institute of Marine Research, Heriot-Watt University and BMT Cordah, industry specialists in marine growth surveys.
It was supported by the ANChor project funded by the INSITE programme, and the ATLAS project funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 programme.
Dr Lea-Anne Henry, of the University of Edinburgh’s School of GeoSciences, who led the study, said: “We need to think very carefully about the best strategies to remove these platforms, bearing in mind the key role they may now play in the North Sea ecosystem.”
Professor Murray Roberts, of the University of Edinburgh’s School of GeoSciences, said:“When we first spotted these corals growing on the legs of oil platforms in the late 1990s it was a real surprise, as we expected this to be a very unsuitable environment for them. We now have strong evidence that they’re likely to be dispersing right across the North Sea and into marine protected areas.”
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